Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
 | 
Online Publication Date: Mar 01, 2010

Cortical Cartography

MFA, PhD
Page Range: 9 – 12
DOI: 10.5298/1081-5937-38.1.9
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Abstract

Architecture is one part science, one part craft, and two parts art.—David Rutten

This article describes the investigation of structural-functional associations in the brain. Using light microscopy in 1909, Brodmann divided the human and primate brains into dozens of areas based on cell types and distributions, which has since been supplemented by a 3-dimensional coordinate system, an xyz system of millimeter distances. A number of electroencephalograph tomographic (volume) solutions exist, and this article explains the Brodmann montage developed by the author using the spherical harmonic expansion solution by Pascual-Marqui. The author describes his approach to training specific Brodmann areas with electroencephalograhic operant conditioning or feedback.

Keywords: Brodmann area; brain localization; Brodmann montage; low-resolution EEG tomography; EEG
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Copyright: Association for Applied Psychophysiology & Biofeedback
Figure 1
Figure 1

10-10 electrode positions.

Figure 2
Figure 2

Brodmann areas and associated functions.

Figure 3
Figure 3

Brodmann area center of gravity closest to each electrode position. For instance, an effect at site C3 may be from the cortical region directly below this electrode, which is Brodmann area 2L. BR  =  Broca's area.

Contributor Notes

Correspondence: David A Kaiser, MFA, PhD, Wavestate, Inc. SKIL, Inc., PO Box 374, Churchville, NY 14428, e-mail: david@medlineplus.info.